Vidura Neethi – Sri Mahabharath – Chapter - 4 -2
Chapter – 2 - The conversation between Vidura and King Dhritarashtra –21 - 40
Vidura speaks “Oh! Bharatharshabha, the Dhurjjanas/wicked people may earn wealth by immoral ways, by threatening someone or utilizing physical strength, or with crookedness, finally, these Dhurjjanas do not earn respect or admiration or virtues of Sajjanas/Mahathma.”
Dhritarashtra speaks “Oh! Vidura, the following categories of people are beloved of deities, 1) the people who sincerely follow Sadhachara/disciplines, spiritual and religious rites according to their Varnnashrama, 2) people who have deep knowledge in scriptures and Vedic texts, and 3) people born in the illustrious clan and sincerely follow the customary rites etc. Oh! Vidura, kindly explain what is Mahakula?”
Vidura speaks “Oh! Rajan, the Mahakula are 1) Tapas 2) perfect control over sense 3) knowledge in Vedic texts and scriptures 4) performance of Yajja 5) strict observance of the marital relationship 6) performance of an abundance of charities in the form of meals to the hungry and 7) humility. Oh! Rajan, the people of Mahakula are 1) Truthful 2) sincerely follow customary rites 3) strictly follows Dharma 4) do not grieve over the wickedness of Vamshaja/people of their own clan 5) strictly follow Sadhguna 6) always strive for the welfare and respect of their clan. Oh! Rajan, the destruction of the clan is definite if there are 1) lack of performance of Yajja and customary rites 2) marriage from the different Varnnas/Varnnasangara 3) discarding the Vedic rites and disrespect Veda 4) non-believer of Dharma. Oh! Rajan, the destruction of the clan is definite if there is 1) no performance of Yajja or fire sacrifices, in this way creating a pause to the oblations owed to the deities 2) stealing the wealth of Bhramin 3) disrespecting/disgracing the Bhramin. Oh! Bharatha, disrespecting Bhramin and stealing their wealth, or misuse of the wealth entrusted by a Bhramin are considered as grave sin which could bring Bhramahathya Dhosham. It would destroy the entire clan of a person. Oh! Rajan, even if the families have an abundance of wealth, the number of male progeny, and possessions of cows, if they do not follow the Sadhachara, it won’t be considered as ‘Kula’. In other words, the families who strictly follow the Dharma and Arththa, disciplines, religious and spiritual rites, even though they have very little wealth, would be considered as an illustrious and highly respected clan. Oh! Bharatharshabha, these types of people could bring immediate damages to the clan 1) Person who engages in the constant conflicts or arguments, 2) The person who steals the wealth of King or ministers, or common people, 3) Mithradhrohi/treacherous companion, 4) deceitful person 5) untruthful 6) person who consume meals without offering to Pithrus, deities and guests 7) the person who has committed Bhramahathya sin 8) person who is disrespectful to Bhramin and Veda 9) person who makes friends with the people who destroy agriculture and natural wealth. Oh! Rajan, the house of Sajjanas will not have the absence of these three things 1) pleasant words 2) decent place to be seated 3) and water to wash the face and leg of the guests. Oh! Mahaprajja, the righteous and noble souls who sincerely follow the religious and spiritual rites, receive their guests with great respect and care, therefore their house will have the presence of these above- said virtues always. Oh! Rajan, the trees of Syanandhana has not a great stature or sturdy, but it has the capabilities to hold more weight better than any other trees, in this manner, the people of Mahakula, will have excellent capabilities to perform duties and responsibilities. Oh! Rajan, a person who earns respect with his/her villainy nature, or get served after creating fear in others, or the person who threatens people and make things easier and favorable won’t earn respect in the society, these kinds of people cannot be a good companion. The person who is trustworthy, compassionate, kind, and gentle-natured is considered as a good companion. Oh! Rajan, if a person has no blood relation, but works sincerely for you, is deserved to be considered as your Bandhu, an excellent companion, protector, and shelter. Oh! Rajan, the companion with the person who is unstable, not compassionate to the elderly people, people who have no patience or least trustworthy should not be considered as a companion. Oh! Rajan, The victory is impossible for a person who is unstable, unpredictable, and incapable to take firm decision, has no self-control, drenched in worldly matters and chases after pleasures, would face the fate of the dried pond which was discarded by the swan. Oh! Rajan, the person who gets easily annoyed and angry, and the person who gets easily pleased with others are like the clouds, it would scatter away easily, and it is the nature of Dhurjjana. Oh! Rajan, people who receive trust and favors from others, and behave selfishly towards them would be considered as untouchables; even the vultures won’t eat the meat of these selfish people after their death.”
Prapnothi Vai Viththamasadh Balena Nithyoththanath Prajjaya Paurushena | Na Thveva Samyak Labhathe Prashamsam | Na Vriththamapnothi Maha Kulanam ||
Dhritharashtra Uvacha –
Mahakulanam Sprihayanthi Deva | Dharmarththa Vridhdhashcha Bahu Shruthashcha | Pricchami Thvam Vidura Prashnametham | Bhavanthi Vai Kani Mahakulani ||
Vidura Uvacha –
Thapo Dhamo Bhramaviththvam Vithana: | Punya Vivaha: Sathathanna Dhanam | Yeshvevaithe Saptha Guna Bhavanthi | Samyag Vriththasthani Mahakulani ||
Yesham Na Vriththam Vyadhathe Na Yonir | Vriththa Prasadhena Chanranthi Dharmam | Ye Keerthimicchanthi Kule Vishishtam | Thyakthanrithasthani Mahakulani ||
Anijyaya Vivahairshcha Vedasyoth Sadhanena Cha | Kulanya Kulatham Yanthi Dharmasyathikramena Cha ||
Deva Dravya Vinashena Bhrama Swaharanena Cha | Kulanya Kulatham Yanthi Bhramanathi Kramena Cha ||
Bhramananam Paribhavath Parivadhashcha Bharatha | Kulanya Kulatham Yanthi Nyasapaharanena Cha ||
Kulani Samupethani Gobi: Purushathoashvatha: | Kulasankhyam Na Gacchanthi Yani Heenani Vriththatha: ||
Vriththathasthva Viheenani Kulanyalpa Dhananyapi | Kulasankhyam Thu Gacchanthi Karshanthi Cha Mahadhyasha: ||
Ma Na: Kule Vairakrith Kashchidhasthu Rajamathyo Ma Parasvapahari | Mithradhrohi Naikrithikoanrithi | Va Poorvashi Va Pithrudevathidhibhya: ||
Yashcha No Bhramanam Hanyadhyashcha No Bhramanandhvisheth | Na Na: Sa Smithim Gacchedhyashcha No Nirvapethkrishim ||
Thrinani Bhoomirudhakam Vakchathurththi Cha Soonritha | Sathamethani Geheshu Nocchidhyanthe Kadhachana ||
Shradhdhaya Paraya Rajan Nupaneethani Sath Krithim |Pravriththani Mahaprajja Dharminam Punyakarmanam ||
Sookshmoapi Bharam Nripathe Syandhano Vai | Shaktho Vodum Na Thadhanye Maheeja: | Yevam Yuktha Bharasaha Bhavanthi | Mahakuleena Na Thadhanye Manushya: ||
Na Than Mithram Yasya Kopadhbhibethi | Yadhva Mithram Shankithenopacharyam | Yasmin Mithre Peetharivashvaseetha | Thadhvai Mithram Sangathanitharani ||
Yadhi Chedhapya Sambandho Mithrabhavena Varththathe | Sa Yeva Bandhustha Mithram Sa Gathisthathparayanam ||
Chala Chiththasya Vai Pumso Vridhdhan Anupasevatha : | Pariplavamather Nithyamadhruvo Mithra Samgraha: ||
Chalachiththamana Athmanamindhriyanam Vashanugam | Arththa: Samathi Varththanthe Hamsa: Shushkam Saro Yadha ||
Akasmadheva Kupyanthi Praseedhanthya Nimiththatha: | Sheelamethadh Sadhoonamabhram Pariplavam Yadha ||
Sathkrithashcha Kritharththashcha Mithranam Na Bhavanthi Ye | Thanmrithanapi Kravyadha: Krithaghnanopa Bhunjjathe ||