Sri Sanathsujatheeyam – Sri Mahabharath -
Sri Shankarabhashyam – Bhashyam – 37 – Mumukshu & Sanyasa
Chapter 23 - Bhashyam – 37 - Mumukshu
and Sanyasa
Bhramandapuran in the Kavayeshagita
Bhagavan Santhkumara speaks the Varna Ashrama Dharma “ 1) learn Veda and Upanishads
2) perform all those Vedic, spiritual, and religious rites prescribed in the
scriptures 3) Get married to a suitable bride and perform all the Vedic, spiritual
and religious rites with her 4) strive for achieving virtuous offspring 5)
conduct Tapasya in the latter years of age and 6) leave the mortal coil.”
I shall describe them in detail, what
would we earn with the performance of Adhyayana/learning Veda, Vedanta,
Upanishads, and the performance of Yaga? Why the Jeeva should constantly
practice the contemplation and meditation of supreme Bhramam and engage in spiritual
and religious activities? “Ksheenepunye Marthyalokam Vishanthi”, Jeeva hurl
from the Veshyagriha/home of a prostitute like heavenly pleasure, once all the
Punya gets over. The Yajja and all those Kriya performed to achieve personal
gain and material well-being, welfare in the Priththviloka should be abandoned.
Yajurvedopanishadh says “The Paramathman is the eternal truth”, Sanyasa is the practice of the achievement of that Nithya/eternal, Siddha/propitious, Nirathi/attachment
to, Athishaya/preeminent, Ananada/bliss Bhramam, hence the performance of all
those Karma yearning for the fruitful results are Nikrishta/unremarkable, and
the practice for the Anithyaphalasadhana is Uthkrishta/remarkable. Shruthi
says “ Karma/deeds, Praja/children or Dhanam/wealth cannot bring
Amrithaththva/immortality, the self-sacrifice and the knowledge of supreme
Bramham resides as the soul is the only thing that could bring immortality. Yathi
constantly engages in the ‘Athmarathi’ and achieves that supreme Bhramam. Yathi
with the knowledge of Vedanta and Vijjana, determines to remain in the Sanyasayoga,
becomes that Shudhdhasththva ultimately achieves union with the supreme
Bramham, and at the end of Pralaya achieves Mukthi.”
Sarvakarma Sannyasa -
Bhrihadharanyakaupanishadh describes the
Sarvakarma Sannyasa “The Bhramajjani/ twice-born/learned, with the knowledge of
Puthreshana/attachment to family and children, Viththeshana/attachment to
possession of wealth, money, and richness, and Lokeshana/interest in the worldly
matters that have fleeting nature, abandon all these and engages in the seeking
alms for a living.” Bhagavan Vasudeva says
“Sannyasin who has abandoned worldly matters, material pleasures, is Nireeha/desires
less and YathChiththathman/engage in Athmarathi, Sarvaparithyagi/renounced
soul performs Shareeramathrasthithihethuka Karma/karma performs with the body
for its existence, does not achieve Kilbisha/sin. Oh! Partha, I dearly love
the Jeeva who is Anapeksha/impartial and have no desires, Shuchi/free from the
impurities of the mind, Dhaksha/wise, Udhaseena/passive to worldly matters,
Gathavyatha/free from miseries and sorrows, Sarvarambhaparithyagi/discarded
everything, and sincere devotee of mine. Oh! Partha, the Jeeva who is free
from over-excitements, intense grief, free from anger, lust, desire, and pride,
abandons all those Shubha/auspiciousness and Ashubha/inauspiciousness, and
sincerely devoted to me is the most beloved of mine. Oh! Partha, the Jeeva
who abandons Mana/honor and Apamana/disgrace, Mithra/companion and Ari/enemies,
and impartial to all is Sarvarambhaparithyagi, he is beyond description and
virtues. Oh! Partha, the Jeeva who is Asakthbhudhdhi/detached soul,
Jithathman/complete control over sense, Vigathaspruha/free from desires and
worldly interests, with the constant practice of Sannyasa Yoga, achieves the
supreme most status of Naishkarmyasidhdhi, abandon all those
Dharmadharma/differentiation of Dharma and Adharma, and take complete shelter
in me, I shall guarantee you the liberation, hence leave all your worries and
grief.”
Bhagavan Vasudeva says in the Anugita “Dharmi
or Adharmi, Shubha or Ashubha, who contemplates or meditates upon me in the
Yekasana/without changing postures or getting restless, and observe the vow of
silence, called Varththilakshana, is the Yoga, Sanyasalakshana is Gnana. Hence,
the learned one should achieve Gnana and honor it and observe Sanyasa.”
In the Shanthiparva of Sri Mahabharath, Bhagavan
Vedavyasa speaks to Shuka “Karma is the cause for all the bondage and the
Gnana/wisdom is the cause for the liberation, hence the Bhramavithth/Yathi does
not perform any Karma, it is the ‘Vriththi’ of a Yathi. The illustrious Rishis
and Sages observed the same, and they have attained union with the Bhramam.
Bhagavan Narada speaks about Sarvakarmasannyasa “ The Jeeva attains Mukthi only
after the performance of Sarvakarma, extensive Tapasya and austerities,
achieves the knowledge of Paramarththa, and knowledge in various fields,
eventually get liberated. They can only take up extensive travels in all the
directions, depending on the Pinda/, abandons 1) Karma with the attributes, 2)
Karmapasha, 3) Shubha and Ashubha, 4) Sathyanritha/true or false, and remains
Nirguna/free from attributes. Oh! Vathsa, abandon Parigraha/performance of
Karma for fruitful results, and become Jithendhriya/who has won over sense. In
this way, achieve a superior status free from miseries, fear, anxieties, and
sorrows in the Ihaloka and Paraloka.”
The Sarvakarmasannyasin has the right to
know the supreme knowledge. Bhagavan Bhrihaspathi says “Jeeva who has no
control over sense, get attached to worldly matters and people, money, wealth,
fame, richness, etc, and drench in grief and miseries. The Jeeva who has perfect
control over sense wins over all those odd and remains serene. The Jeeva of Ragayuktha/Kama,
Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Madha, and Mathshcharya chases after the destructible
Prakrithi and the Viraktha/renounced soul achieves the indestructible
Paramathma/Purusha/Bhramam symbolizes supreme wisdom.”
The Jeeva in the all
Ashramadharma/Brahmachari, Grihastha, Vanaprastha, and Sanyasa, are qualified to
achieve that ‘Sarvakarmasannyasa’. Lord Bhrama describes it to the
illustrious Rishis and Sages in the Ashwamedha, says “The Jeeva who is
Grihastha, or Bhramachari or Vanaprastha, or whoever desires for the Moksha
should take shelter in the Sannyasa. It is the ultimate asylum of a twice-born,
it is the sole rescue and bliss, it is the destiny of Viraktha, and it is the
Sanathana Dharma. Therefore the
Vividhishu/who desires to achieve knowledge and Mumukshu/who is desired to
achieve Moksha should concentrate on Sarvakarmasannyasa.”