Chapter 2 - 4 - Bhashyam – The differences in the
Karmaphala of Vidhvan/intellectual and an Avidhvan/ignorant – Nishkalmasha Tapas
and Kalmasha Tapas
Sage Sanathkumara speaks “Oh! Rajan, the
Jeeva who is engaged in austerities and Tapasya, gets the Tapa progress into an
advanced state/ Thaptha receives the fruitfulness of them in the Paraloka/after
life. The Tapasya/austerities, the vow of
silence, meditation, contemplation, etc. of Bhramavithth flourishes copiously,
and the ignorant who is soaked in the material matters and bondage like
Kalathra/wife, Puthra/children, Mithradhi/relatives and companions, wealth,
richness, fame, possession, etc. do not engage in austerities to achieve that
supreme Bhramam resides as a soul in the Jeeva, and their life becomes
unfruitful. Therefore, whatever Tapasya, austerities, moral deeds, and the
performance of spiritual and religious rites and charities engaged in the
Ihaloka would provide its fruitfulness in the Paraloka. The Bhramavithth
remains exceptional with their Tapasya, achieves that supreme Bhramam which is
eulogized as ‘Nethi Nethi’ by Veda and Upanishadhs, and their austerities
flourishes into manifolds. The Anathmavithth/Jeeva who has no knowledge of the
all-pervasive Bhramam receives the fruits of their righteousness, performs
Karma for fruitful results which is Bandhahethu, gets fastened by the noose
like interest in worldly matters and bondage, and undergoes sufferings.”
Kevala Tapas/Nishkalmasha/free from
impurities/ Tapas -
Dhrisharashtra speaks “Oh! Prabho, Oh!
Sanathsujatha, kindly describe the characteristics of Kevala Tapas and how did
it flourishes?”
Sage Sanathkumara speaks “ Oh! Rajan, the
Nishkalmasha Tapasya is Kevala Tapas, I shall elaborate on them, listen to me
carefully, the unblemished Tapasya is Kevala Tapas. Ushanass says the Prapancha/Prakrithi
is the collection of diversified matters of Sath and Asath, ‘Kevala’/purity is
the nature of Beeja of the Prapancha, the Nishkalmasha Tapasya provides union
with the supreme Bhramam. Oh! Kshatriya,
the Vedavithth engage in the constant meditation and contemplation upon
the all-pervasive supreme Bhramam which is eternal, pure, unblemished, has no
birth and death, free from afflictions and impurities like Kama, Krodha, Lobha,
Madha, Moha and Mathshcharya, resides as soul/Athman in the Jeeva and achieves
the state of immortality/Amrithaththva.”
Dhritarashtra speaks “ Oh!
Sanathsujatha, Bhagavan you have already narrated the characteristics of
Nishkalmasha Tapasya, now kindly describe the ‘Kalmasha Tapasya’ as well, so
that, I could strive to achieve that supreme Bhramam which is highly
confidential/guhya and Sanathana/eternal, with the practice of austerities and
Tapasya.”
Sage Sanathkumara speaks “Oh! Rajan,
there are twelve kinds of impurities in the Kalmasha Tapsya, and seven of them
are Nrishamsa/not worth mentioning, Oh!
Rajan, in the same manner, the twelve types of purities/Goodness are
Athatha/extended and Shasthravidhidha are Vidhitha/ visible in a twice-born. I
shall describe the impurities in the Kalmasha Tapasya, 1) Krodha/Anger 2) Kama/desire 3) Lobha/perplexity
and greedy, 4)Moha/illusion 5) Vivithsa/desire to know 6) Akripa/mercilessness
7) Asooya/jealousy 8) Mana/pride 9) Shoka/grief 10) Spruha/longing 11) Ershya/envy
12) Jugupsa,/dislike, are the twelve types of impurities that are always abandoned
by virtuous/noble souls. Kama is the
result of Prathighatha/drive away/ leads to Thaana and Akrosha/physical and
verbal abuse, the unfulfilled desires explodes as Krodha/anger, it drives the
Jeeva blind and insane. The Kama is the yearning to achieve women, and
excessive desire to have a physical relationship. The Lobha is the uncontrollable
desire to snatch the wealth of others, and the inability to utilize the owned
wealth for moral deeds. The Vivithsa is an uncontrollable desire to know what’s
happening with the life of others/Vishayarasa. Akripa/Nirdhayathva is the cruelty,
and Asuya is the nature of finding fault in everything, and lack of patience.
Manam is arrogance/ pride, body consciousness/I, mine and I, excessive
attachment to people, wealth, richness, fame, etc. without the knowledge of impermanent
nature of it. Shoka/grief is caused by the pain of separation of beloved
people or wealth, money, fame, etc. The ignorant Jeeva get attached to people,
families, relatives, companions, material matters, possession of wealth, etc. and
pushed to extreme sufferings and depression in the absence of the same. Spruha
is the uncontrollable desire to take pleasure in material matters or people;
Ershya is the expression of hatred in other’s progress. Jugupsa is the nature
of defaming others. Oh! Rajan, I have
explained the nature of impurities in detail, these should be abandoned.”
Bhagavan
says “The noble souls and twice-born get rid of all these impurities with the constant practice of austerities and meditation, and these Mahaguna Bhramana/virtuous
twice-born achieves virtues like Dhamam/self-control, Shamam/quiet, Thapas/austerities,
Shaucham/purification of mind, Kshanthi/endurance, Arjavam/simplicity and
honesty, Jjanam/wisdom, Vijjanam/practical knowledge, and Asthikya/belief in
God, faithfulness, along with the practice of Bhramakarma, achieves those
incredible virtues.” These Mahagunas are essential for Bhramaprapthi/to achieve
that supreme Bhramam, hence a twice-born should strive to achieve those
virtues. The Nama Mahodhadhi describes “The noble souls
describe the all-pervasive supreme Bhramam as ‘Mahath’ which is beyond
comparison, perception, and description, the twice-born and noble-souls strives hard to achieve that supreme Bhramam
with the above-mentioned virtues, are
addressed as Mahaguna.”
Bhashyam –
Idhaneem Vidhvadhavidhvadhapekshaya Karmanam Phalavaishamyamaha
Asmin loke Thapasthaptham Phalamanyathra Bhujyathe |
Bhramananam Thapa: Svridhdhamanyesham Thavadeva
Thath ||
Asmin Loke Yath Thapa: Thaptham
Thathphalam Anyathra Bhujyathe |
Bhramananam Thapa: Svridhdham Bhavathi | Anyesham Thu Thavadeva Thath Bhavathi
| Svridhdham Na Bhavathi ||
Bhashyam -
Asmin Loke Yath
Thapasthaptham Thasya Phalam Anyathra Amooshmin Loke Bhujyathe
Ithi Sarvesham Samanam | Bhramajjanam Bhramavidham Punarayam Vishesha:
Thapa: Svridhdham Atheeva Samridhdham
Bhavathi Pahal Vridhdhihethur Bhavatheethyarththa: Thadha cha Shruthi:
“Yadheva Vidhyaya Karothi
Shradhdhayopanishadha Thadheva Veeryavaththaram Bhavathi” Ithi | Anyesham
Anathmavidham Vaishayikanam Thavadheva Thath Na Samridhdham Bhavathi: Yasya
Karmano Yath Phalam Shrutham Thavanmathra Phalasadhanam Na Phalasidhdhihethur
Bhavatheethyarththa: ||
Kevala Tapas
Bhashyam - Shruthva Yevamaha Dhritharashtra:
Katham
Samridhdhamathyarththam Thapo Bhavathi Kevalam| Sanathsujatha Thadh
Bhroohi Kadham Vidhyamaham Prabho ||
Kevalam Thapa: Kadham Athyarththam Samridhdham Bhavathi? Oh!
Sanathsujatha, Thadh Bhroohi, Oh! Prabho, Thath Kadhamaham Vidhyam?
Bhashyam –
Rijvethath | Yevam Prishta: Praha
Bhagavan
Sanathsujatha Uvacha –
Nishkalmasham Thapasthvethath Kevalam
Parichakshathe | Yethath Samridhdhamathyarththam Thapo Bhavathi Nanyadha ||
Yath Nishkalmasham Thapa: Thath Kevalam
Parichakshathe Yethath Thapa:
Athyarththam Samridhdham Bhavathi | Anyadha Samridhdham Na Bhavathi ||
Bhashyam –
Yadhethath Nishkalmesham Thapa: Thath
Kevalam Parichakshathe | Kevalam Bejjavithyuktham | Sarvasyasya
Prapanchasya Beejam Nimiththam Yath,
Thath Kevalamithyuktham | Ahoshana
“Gunasamye Sthitham Thaththvam Kevalam Thvithi Kadhyathe|
Kevaladhethadhubhootham Jagath Sadhasadhathmakam” Ithi | Thath Yethath Yeva
Kevalam Thapa: Samridhdhamathyarththam Cha Bhavathi Nanyatha Yadha Nishkalmasham Na Bhavathi Sakalmasham Syath
Thadha Samridhdhamathyarththam Cha Na Bhavathi ||
Bhashyam –
Yethadeva Prashamsathi
Thapomoolavidham Sarvam Yanmam Pricchasi
Kshathriya | Thapasa Vedavidhvamsa: Param Thvamrithamapnuyu: ||
Oh! Kshathriya, Yath Mam Pricchasi Thath
Idham Sarvam Thapomoolam Bhavathi | Vedavidhvamsasthu Thapasa Param Amritham
Apnyu: ||
Bhashyam –
Spashtarththa: Shloka: Shruthvaivamaha
Raja
Kalmasha of Tapasya
Dhritharashtra Uvacha –
Kalmasham Thapaso Bhroohi Shrutham
Nishkalmasham Thapa: | Sanathsujatha Yenedham Vidhyam Guhyam Sanathanam ||
Oh! Sanathsujatha, Nishkalmasham Thapa:
Ithi Shrutham Thasya Thapasa: Kalmasham
Kadhamithi Bhroohi | Yena Idham Guhyam Sanathanam Vidhyam ||
Bhashyam –
“Nishkalmasham Thapasthvethath Kevalam
Parikshathe” Ithi Shruthasya Thapasa:
Kalmasham Bhroohi Oh! Sanathsujatha, Yena Nishkalmashena Thapasa Idham Bhrama Guhyam Sanathanam
Vidhyam ||
Bhashyam –
Yevam Prishta: Praha Bhagavan
Sanathsujatha Uvacha –
Krodhadhayo Dhvadhasha Yasya Dhoshasthadha Nrishamsani Cha Saptha Rajan |
Gnanadhayo Dhvadhasha Chathathana: Shasthre Guna Ye Vidhitha Dhvijanam ||
Yasya Thapasa: Krodhadhaya: Dhvadhasha
Dhosha: Thadha Nrishamsani Saptha Dhoshashcha, Oh! Rajan, Bhavanthi | Thadha
Cha Athathana Gnanadhaya: Shasthre
Vidhitha: Dhvadhasha Guna Dhvijanam Vidhitha Bhavanthi ||
Bhashyam –
Krodhadhayo Dhvadhasha Yasya Thapaso
Dhosha Thadha Nrishamsani Cha Saptha Oh!
Rajan, Yasya Thapaso Dhosha: Thadha Gnanadhayo Dhvadhasha Chathathana: Vistheeryamana
Shasthre Vedashasthre Ye Vidhitha Guna: Dhvijanam Thanethan Gunan Dhoshamshcha
Vakshyameethyabhipraya: ||
Bhashyam –
Krodhadheen Dharshayathi
Krodha: Kamo Lobhamohau
Vivthsaakripasooya Manashokau Spruha Cha
| Ershya Jugupsa Cha Mahagunena Sadha
Varjya Dhvadhashaithe Narena ||
Krodha: Kama: Lobha: Moha: Vivthsa Akripa
Asuya Mana: Shoka: Spruha Ershya Jugupsa
Ithyethe Dhvadhasha Dhosha Mahagunena Narena Sadha Varjya Bhavanthi ||
Bhashyam –
Krodho Nama Kama
Prathighathadhuthpadhyamana: Thadhana Kroshanadhihethu: Kamahanihethukashcha
Antha:Karana Vikshepo Gathrasvedhakampanadhi Linga: Kama: Sthradhyabhilasha:
Lobha: Paradhvyeshcha Arjithasya Dhravyasya Theerthe Viniyoga Samarththyam Cha|
Moha: Krithyakrithya Vivekashoonyatha | Vivithsa Vishayarasan Veththumiccha |
Akripa Nishturatha | Asooya Guneshu Dhoshavishkaranam Paragunadhishu Akshama Va
| Mana: Athmabahumanithvam | Shoka: Ishtarththa Viyogajoantha:Karanavikshepa:
Rodhanachinthanadhi Lingo Apratheekaravishaya: | Spriha Vishyabhogeccha | Ershya
Parashriyama Sahishnutha | Jugupsa Paragunanaphnothumiccha Beebhathsa Va |
Yethe Krodhadhayo Dhosha: Thapasa: Kalmasharoopa: Sadha Varjya: Mahagunena
Bhramanena | Bhramananam Uthkrishtagunayoga: Swabhava Sidhdha: Thadha Choktham
Bhagavatha “ Shamo Dhamasthapa: Shaucham
Kshanthirarjavamevacha Gnanam
Vijjanamasthikyam Bhramam Karma Swabhavajam” Ithi | Adhava Mahaguno
Bhramaprapthi Guna: Thena Bhramaprapthi Lakshanena Mahagunena Samanvithena
Sadha Varjaneeya Ithyarththa: | Uktham
Cha Nama Mahodhadhau “Mahan Bhramethi Cha
Proktha Mahaththvan Mahathamapi | Thath Prapthi Gunasamyuktho Mahaguna
Ithi Smritha:” Ithi ||