Nyayashasthra – Chapter -4 - Chanakya Neethi – 11 - 19

 

Chapter – 4 – Chanakya Neethi 11 –  19

Rishi Chanakya speaks “ There are three things happen for once in life 1) King passes verdict on a subject matter, and that would be considered as the final 2) The learned advice only once on the  subject requires intellectual opinion, they do not keep changing their views and opinions. 3) Daughters are given in marriage only once. In order to achieve success in Tapasya, education, performing arts, travel, agriculture, and Warfield, it is necessary that 1) Tapasya should be conducted by the Sadhaka alone, to achieve fruitfulness of it, because it requires utmost dedication and concentration 2) Education should be carried out with two people, exchanging views, opinion and sharing knowledge is an essential part of it  3) The performing arts requires at least three people’s contribution to entertaining the audience 4) The journey should be carried out with four people for safety 5) Farming and Agriculture should be carried out by at least five people to remove exhaustion and achieve excellent productivity. 6) A large number of skillful warriors with armaments ensures success on the battlefield. The remarkable qualities required for a wife are 1) Shuchirdhaksha/virtuous should be a true friend who can keep confidential matters of the family, honest  to family members, belief in Shastra, Puranas and customary rites, faithful, brilliant in taking the decision in financial and related matters and purity in the work 2) Pathivratha/loyal to husband, caring and compassionate to family 3) Pathipreetha/pleasing to husband and members of the family, and keep utmost serenity in the family 4)Sathyavadhini/always stands with the truth, do not encourage dishonest means of living. The harsh truths are 1) A house without children is considered as ‘Empty’ 2) A person without relatives feels ‘Empty’ 3) A dull/ignorant person’s heart is empty 4) and a Pauper feels everywhere is ‘Empty’.  1) The learned who does not engage in the Swadhyadhya/self-learning, practicing, the knowledge of Shastra earned would become poison 2) The meals consumed does not digest would become poison 3) The public gatherings would become a poison for  penniless 4) A youthful woman is a poison to an elderly person. There are four things that should be abandoned compulsorily and they are 1) The religion or Dharma which does not teach kindness and compassion 2) Preceptor who lacks thorough knowledge in Shastra and Purana 3) An angry wife who takes away the peace of the family and husband as well 4) The relatives who have no sincerity or love. There are four things gets deteriorated easily 1) Humans who undertake constant journey and conduct long journeys on extremely difficult pathways 2) Horses that kept idle for a longer period of time 3) woman who lacks copulation and 4) clothes that do not get adequate sunlight. It is very important to consider the following things before getting into any action 1) favorable time and region 2) understanding about the companions/associates 3) income and the expenditure involved in the particular project 4) knowledge about one’s own capacity, skills, and strength. The nature of twice-born/Bhramin, Rishis and Sages, ignorant Jeeva, and Samadharshi/impartial are 1) The twice-born/Bhramin/Dhvijathi perceive the supreme Lord in Agni, engages in the performance of fire sacrifices, Agnihothradhi Karma, spiritual and religious rites, etc. 2) The Sages and Rishis perceives the Supreme Lord in their hearts 2) The Alpabudhdhi/unwise perceive the supreme Lord in idols 3) and Samadharshin who has achieved the highest of the spiritual knowledge perceives the supreme Lord in ‘EVERYONE & EVERYTHING’.”

 

 

Sakrithjjalpanthi Rajana:  Sakrithjjalpanthi Panditha: | Sakrith Kanya: Pradheeyanthe  Threenyethani  Sakrith Sakrith ||

 

Yekakino Thapo Dhvabhyam  Padanam Gayanam Thribhi: |Chathurbhirgamanam Kshethram Panchabhir Bahubhir Rana: ||

 

Sa Bharya Ya Shuchir Dhaksha Sa Bharya Ya Pathivratha | Sa Bharya Ya Pathipreetha sa Bharya Sathyavadhini ||

 

Aputhrasya Griham Shoonyam Dhisha: Shoonyastha Bhandhava: | Mookhasya Hridhayam Shoonyam Sarvashoonya Dharidhratha ||

 

Anabhyase Visham Shasthram Ajeernne Bhojane Visham| Dharidhrasya Visham Goshti  Vridhdhasya Tharuni Visham ||

 

Thyajeth Dharmam Dhayaheenam  Vidhyaheenam Gurum Thyajeth | Thyajeth Krodhamukhim Bharyam Nissnehan Bandhavasthyajeth ||

 

Adhdhva Jara Dhehavatham  Vajinam Bandhanam Jara | Amaidhunam Jara Sthreenam Vasthranamathapo Jara ||

 

Ka: Kala: Kani Mithrani Ko  Dhesha: Kau Vyayagamau  | Kashchaham Ka Cha Me Shakthi: Ithi Chinthyam Muhurmuhu: ||

 

Agnirdhevo Dhvijatheenam Muneenam Hridhi Dhaivatham | Pramaswalpa Budhdhinam Sarvathra Samadharshina: ||

 

Nyayashasthra – Chapter -4 - Chanakya Neethi – 1 - 10

 

Chapter – 4 – Chanakya Neethi 1 – 1o

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “  1) The life span of the Jeeva/Ayu 2) Karma 3) wealth/Viththam 4) knowledge and wisdom/Vidhya 5) and Mrithyu has been determined while the Jeeva was in the mother’s womb. The harsh truth is that the children, families, relatives, and companions discard Sajjana/truthful, virtuous, kind, honest, dutiful,  selfless,  and caring.  I shall explain the success of the Jeeva who sincerely follow these Sajjanas, would achieve fruitfulness of their life, engages in various Sathkarma/righteous deeds for the welfare of the Universe and its living beings and enhance the fame of the clan. Sajjanas/Mahathma/noble souls and ascetics protects the Jeeva in their association, instills the knowledge of ‘self’,  knowledge of the all-pervasive supreme Bhramam Paramathma Parambhramam resides as a soul in the Jeeva, it would inspire the Jeeva to follow Shama, Dhama, Sathyam, Shuchi, Kshama, undertake austerities, the vow of silence, observe celibacy, perform religious and spiritual rite for the welfare of the Universe and its living beings/Eshwararththa, practice constant contemplation and meditation upon the Supreme Lord, thereby achieve perfect control over sense, get rid of impurities like ego, jealousy, pride, lust, desire, and get freed from the redundant thoughts, ultimately attain union with the supreme Bhramam which is eternal bliss. These Sajjanas/saintly men take good care of Jeeva who has taken shelter in them, like the Mathsya/fish, Koorma/tortoise, and Pakshi/birds that take great care of its offspring with their constant supervision, thoughts, and touch respectively. The’ vital air’/Prana is the source of the functioning of mind, intellect, Ahamkara, Karma, and Gnanendhriyas, therefore before the Prana leaves the body,  Jeeva should strive to achieve fruitfulness of life while they are healthy, otherwise, the life lived on the Earth would become futile, hurls the Jeeva into the vicious cycles of birth and death, forced to undergo constant miseries and sorrows of worldly existence. The knowledge of supreme Bhramam is like Kamadhenu/divine cow, it won’t ruin, it is a hidden treasure of the Jeeva, and it would protect like a mother while living in foreign lands/unknown lands. The lustrous full moon removes the darkness of the night not that thousands of stars, in the same manner; a virtuous and disciplined son is enough to brighten the entire clan, not that hundreds of irresponsible and virtueless children.  The child born Mooda/dull-minded, and imprudent with long life is a burden to its parents and the society as well, so it is better to have a life-less child, the death of a dull-minded infant may cause intense grief for a period of time, but the child who is unwise with long life would bring endless miseries and sorrows in his whole life. There are six kinds of grief is enough to burn a person alive, they are 1) life in the village where there is no shrines, or Vedic Bhramin or lack of basic amenities 2) serving a deceitful Master 3) an angry wife who is Kalahapriya/take pleasure in arguments and conflicts, destroy the peace in the family, find fault in everyone, unsatisfied, greedy and lustful 4) an unwise son who has no belief in the customary rite, engages in immoral deeds, theft, etc.  5)  A widowed daughter/ woman whose husband has died or conduct long trips leaving the wedded wife, and the 6) consumption of the meal that has no taste in it. Unwise and irresponsible son is like a cow that does not give milk, these two are a pure waste on the Earth. There are three things that could remove the grief of the person 1) virtuous children who are truthful, disciplined, sincerely follow the spiritual and religious rites, devoted to parents, respectful, kind and caring, and sincerely follow the commands of the parents. 2) Virtuous wife, who is chaste and devoted to husband, knowledgeable, pleasing and good-natured, ensure serenity in the family, and sincerely follow the ‘Sthreedharma’. 3) The constant association with the pious people, noble souls learned, and ascetics/Sajjanasanga who imparts the knowledge of ‘self’/Paramathma Parambhramam.”

 

Ayu: Karma Cha Viththam Cha  Vidhya Nidhanameva Cha | Panchaithani Hi Srijyanthe Garbhasthasyaiva Dhehina: ||

Sadhubhyasthe Nivarththanthe  Puthramithrani Bandhava: | Ye Cha  Thai: Saha Gantharastha Dharmath Sukritham Kulam ||

 

Dharshana Dhyana Samsparshairmathsi Koormi Cha Pakshini | Shishum Palayathe  Nithyam  Thadha Sajjanasangathi: ||

 

Yavathswastho Hyam Dheho Yavath Mrithyushcha Dhuratha: | Thavadhathmahitham Kuryath Prananthe Kim Karishyathi ||

 

Kamadhenu Gunavidhya Hyakale Phaladhayini | Pravase Mathru Sadhrishi Vidhya Guptham Dhanam Smritham ||

 

Yekopi Gunavan Puthro  Nirgunena Shathena Kim | Yeakshchandhrasthamo Hanthi Na Cha Thara: Sahasrasha: ||

 

Moorkhashchirayur Jathopi Thasmathjjathamritho Vara: | Mritha: Sa  Chalpa Dhukhaya Yavath Jeevam Jado Dhaheth ||

 

Kugramavasa: Kulaheenaseva  Kubhojanam Krodhamukhi Cha Bharya | Puthrashcha  Moorkho Vidhava  Cha Kanya  Vinagnina Shat Pradhahanthi Kayam ||

 

Kim Thaya Kriyathe Dhenva Ya Na  Bhoghri Na Garbhini | Koarthth: Puthrena Jathena Yo Na  Vidhvanna Bhakthiman ||

 

Samsarathapa Dhagdhdhanam  Thrayo Vishranthi Hethava: | Apathyam Cha  Kalathram Cha  Satham  Sangathireva Cha ||

Nayashasthra - Chapter - 1 - Chanakya Neethi - 1 - 10

 

Chapter – 1 - Nayashasthra  - Chanakya Neethi 1 – 10

 

Manave  Vachaspathaye  Shukraya Parasharaya  Sa Suthaya | Chankayaya Cha Vidhushe Namoasthu Nayashathra Karthribhya: ||

 

The twice-born Kautilya/Vishnuguptha, Chanakya was a Mahapanditha/greatest scholar, philosopher, economist, and Dhishanashali/highly knowledgeable, Neethinipuna/excellent in Neethishathra, and a Rashtrathanthrajja was born in Thakshashila. Rishi Chanakya played a magnificent role in the rise of the famous Maurya Dynasty, and crowned Chandhraguptha Maurya as the Emperor.  Rishi Chanakya composed Arththashasthra and Neethishasthra, which comprises brilliant verses to strengthen the political and economic field of activities, and the following are a few verses from the Neethishashthra.

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “I shall reverentially prostrate before supreme Lord Vishnu who is Thrailokhyadhipathi/commander of three worlds, I shall describe the essence of various Shashthras, especially ‘Rajaneethi’/statesmanship. The learned people and the King who has thorough knowledge in this Shashthra/Dharmopadhesha understand the Shubha/auspiciousness and Ashubha/inauspiciousness in it and work accordingly. I shall describe the supreme knowledge which provides knowledge in all the fields/ ‘Sarvajjathva’, for the welfare of the Universe and its living beings.”

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “The association with the three kinds of people would destroy even the intelligent ones. 1) Moorkhashishya/ disciple who has no knowledge, or disciple who is dull-minded, the disciple who does not follow the teachings of a preceptor, the disciple who has no interest to follow the disciples and austerities. 2 ) Dhushtasthree Samrakshanam/protecting the wicked woman, protecting a woman who does not follow any austerities, disciplines, spiritual or religious rites, and the women who do not engage in fruitful activities or lack virtues. 3) The association with the depressed people, who lack positive thoughts, constantly engage in the destructive thoughts, ignorant, chases after material welfare and get disappointed easily on failures, and people lack enthusiasm.”

 

Rishis Chanakya speaks “ I shall explain the characteristics of  Mrithyu/death, 1) Dhushtabharya/ living with the wife who is dull-minded, lack virtues and disciplines, selfish, deceitful, no faith in austerities or scriptures. 2) Shata Mithra/ treacherous companion – companion turned out an enemy, unreliable, back-stabbing natured, dull-minded 3) Bhriththyashchoththara Dhayaka/the disobedient servant who does not work for the welfare of their Master, do not know the likes and dislikes of Master, the servant who disrupt the peace of the Master. 4) The house where the serpents are taken care of is undoubtedly is the place of ‘Mrithyu’.”

 

Rishis Chanakya speaks “I shall explain the wisest things that provide auspiciousness to an individual 1) Preserve a certain amount of wealth, money, grains, for the rainy season, it would help the person to run the life smoothly during the period of difficult hours.  Do not hoard the wealth without the proper usage of it, sometimes the wealthiest may become pauper during the course of time.  The possession of wealth, money, richness, and grains, have unpredictable nature, therefore wise usage of it for the welfare of the world/Lokakshema is essential. 2) Protect wife – protect Bharya from evil eyes, respect her and keep her in a dignified manner, and most importantly 3) protect yourself from all the dangers and evils.”

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “A person should not stick in a region or country, 1) where there is no respect, 2) or suitable employment, 3) or relatives, 4) chances to learn and keep him/her equipped with current-affairs and chances to improve knowledge 5) or proper livelihood. In the above circumstance, it is inappropriate to live in that country.”

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “ I shall strongly recommend not to live a single day 1) in the country or region where there is no wealthy people, 2) or where there is no Vedhajja/who has profound knowledge in Veda, Shashthra, Scriptures, etc. or performance of religious and spiritual rites, impart the knowledge of the all-pervasive Bhramam 3) or the place in the absence of wise rulers who are essential to protect the life of the people and Law of the country 4) The place where there are no watercourses,  rivers are the basis of life and one of an essential element to protect the life on the planet Earth 5) Vaidhya/physician, who save lives from the ailments. ”

 

Rishi Chanakya speaks “I shall strongly recommend not to live in these places 1) where there is no livelihood or job opportunities, 2) where there is no fear to commit immoral activities, place of constant threats and conflictions, no protection for life, or no fear to commit any heinous crimes 3) The place where there is no ‘shame’ to commit depraved activities and 4)The place where there is no kindness and compassion 5) place where there are people who have no sense of sacrifice and selflessness.”

 

Pranamya  Shirasa Vishnum Thrailokhyadhipathim Vibhum | Nanashashthrodhriththam Vakshye Rajaneethi Samucchayam ||

 

Adheethyedham Yadha Shasthram Naro Janathi Saththama: | Dharmopadhesha Vikhyatham Karyakaryam Shubhashubham ||

 

Thadhaham Sampravakshyami Lokanam Hithakamyaya | Yena Vijjathamathrena  Sarvajjathvam Prapadhyathe ||

 

Moorkha Shishyopadheshena Dhushtasthree Bharanena  Cha | Dhukhithai: Samprayogena Pandithopyavaseedhithi ||

 

Dhushta Bharya Shatam Mithram Bhrithyashchoththara Dhayaka: | Sa Sarppe Cha Grihe Vaso Mrithyureva Na Samshaya: ||

 

Apadharththe Dhanam Raksheth Dharan Raksheth Dhanairapi | Athmanam Sathatham Raksheth Dharairapi Dhanairapi ||

 

Apadharththe Dhanam Raksheth Sreematham Kutha Apadha: | Kadhachicchalathe Lakshmi:  Samchithopi Vinashyathi ||

 

Yasmin Dheshe Na Sammano Na Vriththirna Cha Bandhava: | Na Cha  Vidhyagama: Kashchith Tham Dhesham Parivarjjayeth ||

 

Dhanika: Shrothriyo Raja Nadhi Vaidhyasthu Panchama: | Pancha Yathra Na Vindhyanthe Na Thathra Dhivasam Vaseth ||

 

Lokayathra Bhayam Lajja Dhakshinyam Thyagasheelatha | Pancha Yathra Na Vidhyanthe Na Kuryath Thathra  Samsthithim ||