Vidura Neethi – Sri Mahabharath – Chapter
- 4 -1
Chapter – 1 - The conversation between
Vidura and King Dhritarashtra –1 -20
Vidura speaks “Oh! Bharatharshabha, I
shall narrate a conversation that took place between Maharishi Athreya and
Mahatmas/Sadhakas. Once, Maharishi
Athreya who is Mahaprajja undergoes strict austerities and penances was disguised
in the form of a swan had a conversation with the Sadhakas in the woods.”
Sadhakas/there are six types of Sadhakas,
they are Kutichaka, Bahudhaka, Hamsa, Parahamsa, Turyatheetha, and Avadhootha. Sadhaka spoke “Oh! Maharishi, we are
Sadhakas, we are not able to understand your divinity, or we are not able to
recognize you. One thing for definite,
you are a prominent one in Shastras, Puranas, and Ithihasa, you are highly
valorous, and intelligent as well. Oh! Maharishi, kindly, enlighten us with the
knowledge of Bhramam, with your graceful lecture, and kindly bless us.”
Hamsa spoke “ Oh! Sadhakas, Oh! Deities,
listen to me. The one who sincerely
follows the 1) Shanthi/serenity 2) Dhamam/endurance 3) Shamam/control of sense
4) Sathyam /truthfulness 5) Dharmam/strict observance of righteousness would
get rid of the darkness of ignorance, remains free from likes and dislikes, and
attains union with the supreme soul/Bhramam. Oh! Sadhaka, never indulge in
physical or verbal abuse with others, some people find pleasure in it, and the person
who silently tolerates it with the silent cries is enough to burn the other
person who committed such mistakes, moreover it would take away all his
piousness another person. Therefore, never find fault in others or disgrace
others, do not take refuge in the person who cheated his companion, and people
who are morally wrong. Oh! Sadhaka never acts unkind and avoid
speeches of hatred and anger. The unkind words would burn the intellect, bones,
heart, and Prana as well; hence the Sajjanas won’t entertain unkind, cruel,
harsh words. The wicked person uses
words of hatred and anger, which has the sharpness of a thorn to break the
intellect, and capable to pierce the heart.
These kinds of people hold death on their tongue, he/she is most inauspicious
on the Earth. The intelligent people
should not react to the speeches of hatred and harsh words which has the
sharpness of arrows, scorching as sun and Agni, of the wicked people. The intelligent people keep silent with the
knowledge that the piousness of the other person who is pouring harsh words
would be lost was received by the latter. Oh! Sadhaka, the person achieves the
nature of the people with whom they are living, be it Dhurjjana, or Sajjana, or
Thapasvi, or Sadhaka, or thief, it works like the cloth absorbs the color of
the clothes in touch. Oh! Sadhaka, the deities desires for the company of the
Jeeva who do not react to the violence, the person who evade from the verbal or
physical abuses and silently put up with it, the person who does not indulge in
criticizing others, and the person who does not interested in settling scores
with others. Oh! Sadhaka, the silence is greater than the words; it is considered
as the superior quality as well. The important
quality of the usage of words is ‘Truthfulness’, and the third quality is ‘talk
pleasantly’ and speak Dharma is the fourth quality of words. Oh! Sadhaka, the
perfect method is whenever asked to opinionate, should not keep quiet, everyone
has the right to express their own individual view, it should be truthful,
pleasing to others, and should not be against the Dharma. Oh! Sadhaka, the person who desires to copy
the style of others, chooses to live with them and exchanges ideas them,
eventually they would become a true copy of them. Oh! Sadhaka, the person who strives hard to
get out of the ill habits would get freed from it, in this manner the person
who strives hard to get freed from worldly matters and bondage would achieve
complete freedom from the miseries and sorrows of the worldly existence. These types
of people never get discouraged or disappointed, they do not search for the
opportunities to compete with others or conquer others, they do not hurt
others, and they do not oppose others.
These types of people consider grace and disgrace, sorrow and happiness,
as the same. Oh! Sadhaka, the superior
Jeeva/Uththama, works and thinks for the welfare of all, they are truthful and kind;
they will have complete control over sense. Oh! Sadhaka, the Jeeva/Madhyama,
won’t depend on sweet lies to please others, they sincerely follow promises, and
thoroughly aware of the comfort and discomfort of others are Madhyama. Oh!
Sadhaka, the Jeeva/Adhama takes extreme pleasure in the physical and verbal
abuses, uncontrollable, swollen with pride and anger, ungrateful, not worth to
have companionship, crooked, and wicked should be avoided. Oh! Sadhaka, the
person who believes that there will not be any benefit from others, self -doubtful
person, and keep themselves away from the companion are Adhama. Oh! Sadhaka, the Uththama Jeeva who yearn to
achieve Shreyas in their lives, remain always be in the association of
Sadhus, and ascetics, sometimes need to be in the company of people of Madhyama
nature, but never be in the association of the people of Adhama nature.”
Vidura Uvacha –
Athraivodhaharanthim Ithihasam Purathanam | Athreyasya Cha Samvadham Sadhyanam Chethi Na: Shrutham ||
Charantham Hamsaroopena Maharshim
Samshithavratham | Sadhya Deva Mahaprajjam Paryapricchantha Vai Pura ||
Sadhya Uuchu –
Sadhya Deva Vayasmo Maharshe Dhrishtva Bhavantham Na Shaknumoanumathum |
Shruthena Dheero Budhdhimamsthvam Matho Na:
Kavyam Vacham Vakthumarhasyudharam ||
Hamsa Uvacha –
Yethath
Karyamamara: Samshrutham Me Dhrithi: Shama: Sathya Dharmanuvriththi: |
Grandhim Vineeya Hridhayasya Sarvam Priyapriye
Chathmavasham Nayeetha ||
Akrushyamano Nakroshenmanyureva Thithikshitha: | Akroshtaram Nirdhahathi
Sukrutham Chasya Vindhathi ||
Nakroshi Syannavamani Parasya Mithradhrohi Notha Neechopasevi | Na Chathimani Na Cha Heenavriththo Rooksham Vacham Rushathim
Varjjayeetha ||
Marmanyasthinee Hridhayam Thadhasoon Ghora Vacho Nirdhahantheeha Pumsam | Thasmadh Vacham Rushathim
Rooksharoopam Dharmaramo Nithyasho Varjayeetha
||
Arunthudham Parusham Rookshavacham Vakandakair Vithudhantham Manushyan |
Vidhyadhalakshmi Kathamam Jananam Mukhe
Nibadhdham Niryathim Vahantham ||
Parshchedhenamadhividhyetha Banair Bhrisham Sutheekshnairanalarka Dheepthai: |
Virichyamanoapyathirichyamano Vidhyath
Kavi: Sukritham Me Dhadhathi ||
Yadhi Santham Sevathe Yadhyasantham | Thapasvinam Yadhi Va Sthenameva | Vaso Yadha Rangavasham Prayathi | Thadha Sa Thesham Vashamabhyupaithi ||
Vadham Thu Yo Na Pravadhen Na
Vadhaye Dhyo Nahatha:
Prathihanyana Ghathayeth | Yo Hanthukamasya
Na Papamiccheththasmai Deva:
Sprihayanthyagathaya ||
Avyahritham Vyahrithashcchreya Ahu:
Sathyam Vadheth Vyahritham Thadhvatheeyam | Priyam Vadhedhath Vyahritham
Thaththritheeyam | Dharmyam Vadhedh Vyahritham Thashchathurththam ||
Yadhrishai: Samvivadhathe Yadhrishamshchopa Sevathe | Yadhrigishchecha
Bhavithum Thadhrig Bhavathi Purusha: ||
Yatho Yatho Nivarththathe Thathas Thatho Vimuchyathe | Nivarthanandhdhi
Sarvatho Na Veththi Dhukhamanvapi ||
Na Jeeyathe Notha Jigeeshatheanya Na
Vairakrichcha Prathighathakashcha | Nindha Prashamsasu Sama Swabhavo Na Shochathe
Hrishyathi Naiva Chayam ||
Bhavamicchathi Sarvasya Nabhave
Kuruthe Mathim | Sathyavadhi Mridhur Dhantho Ya: Sa Uththama Poorusha: ||
Nana Arththakam Santhvayanthi
Prathijjaya Dhadhathi Cha |
Radhdhaparadhdhe Janathi Ya: Sa Madhyamapurusha:
||
Dhu:sshasanasthoopahantha Na Shastha
Navarththathe Manyuvashath
Krithaghna: | Na Kasyachinmithramadho Dhurathma
Kalashchaithadhamasyeha Pumsa: ||
Na Shradhdhadhathi Kalyanam
Parebhyoapyathma Shankitha: | Nirakarothi Mithrani Yo Vai So Adhama Poorusha:
||
Uththamaneva Sevetha
Prapthe Kalethu Madhyaman |
Adhamamsthu Na Sevetha Ya Iccheshchreya Athmana: ||
