Vidura Neethi – Sri Mahabharath – Chapter
- 8
Chapter – 1- The conversation between
Vidura and King Dhritarashtra – 1 - 30
Vidura speaks “Oh! Rajan, the person who
respects the virtuous and noble, and sincerely perform the tasks assigned
without crossing the limits or taking pride in it, would achieve fame in the
society. Sajjanas always work for the welfare of others. Oh! Rajan, righteous people
do not engage in the task which is Adharma, even though it is capable of
multiply their wealth, such people will not invite trouble or grief, they evade
the Adharma like the serpent releases
its skin and move away comfortably. Oh!
Rajan, success earned in immoral means and devious act against King or
preceptor would bring Bhramahathya sin. Oh! Rajan, jealous cause death, complaining
about others would bring misfortune. Oh!
Rajan, hurried acts, self-praising, and careless attitude towards the preceptor
would destroy wisdom. Oh! Rajan, a person who yearns for material pleasure
cannot achieve Vidhya/wisdom, unless and until he abandons the interest
in worldly matters. The person who is enthusiastic to achieve wisdom cannot
take pleasure in the material world; therefore people who yearn to achieve
wisdom should abandon interest in worldly matters. Oh! Rajan, Agni never gets
satisfied with the woods, the ocean never gets satisfied with the union of
rivers, Mrithyu never gets satisfied with the Jeeva, and Sthree never gets
satisfied with the men. Oh! Rajan, the excessive desire would destroy patience,
Lord Yama destroys the wealth and fortune, anger destroys auspiciousness, and
miser cannot achieve fame, if the cows are not taken care of properly, it would
meet its death. If a twice-born gets angry, he would destroy the entire
Kingdom. Oh! Rajan, goat, a mixture of five metals, silver, honey, toxic poison,
birds, listener, elderly relatives, and penniless companion can be seen in
homes. Oh! Rajan, The Manusmrithi states that goat, bull, sandalwood paste,
Veena, mirror, honey, ghee, poison, iron, brass, conch, Salagramashila,
Gorochana should be stored for Bhramanapooja and for receiving guests at home.
Oh! Rajan, the foremost and pious advice is ‘do not discard your Dharma’, definitely
not for lust, or out of fear, or gain, or to save your life. Oh! Rajan, Dharma
is eternal, and the happiness and grief have fleeting nature. Oh! Rajan, the
body is the combination of five essential elements which is perishable, the
Athman is imperishable. Therefore abandon all those impermanent things and get
hold of that eternal Paramathma Parambhramam which is the source of supreme
bliss and greatest of the wealth too. Oh! Rajan, the Earth has been ruled by
several illustrious Emperors and Kings, and they took great pleasure in it, finally, they had returned to the abode of Yama leaving all those stately luxuries behind.
Oh! Rajan, I shall describe the natural phenomenon after the death, the parents
shed tears of extreme grief at the death of their child who was brought up with
great care and love, eventually had to discard the lifeless body, deposit in
the Agni along with the woods. Oh! Rajan, the wealth of the deceased would be
passed on to their kith and kin, the mortal coil is deposited to the Agni,
remaining would be eaten by vultures and birds. The Jeevathma/soul begins its
journey with its Papa and Punya to the Paraloka. Oh! Rajan, once the soul
departs the body, the relatives, friends, and children would discard the body in
the Agni, after that the soul has to continue its journey all alone. The soul
continues to travel with its Punya and Papa Karma. Oh! Rajan, the darkness of
ignorance drives the Indhriyas madly, it causes the Jeeva to commit various
sins, let this ignorance do not affect you. Oh! Rajan, if you sincerely follow
my advice, you will definitely achieve fame and serenity. You need not get
scared in this world or Paraloka. Oh! Bharatharshabha, Athman is like a sacred
river, the truth represents water in it, firmness of the mind is the stone
steps on both the sides of the river, and the self-control is the water current
in the river. The person who performs pious deeds/Punyakarma would get purified
by taking a dip in this river; Athma/supreme soul purifies the Jeevathma. Oh!
Rajan, Kama, and Krodha are the wild water creatures in the river like
Panchendhriya, the water currents are the afflictions in the worldly existence,
and self-control is the safest ferry that could help you to cross the river of
worldly existence. Oh! Rajan, the person who discusses the important matters and
seeks advice from an elderly member in the family, who is intelligent, Dharmic,
and experienced, and sincerely follows them would not face troubles. Oh! Rajan,
lust, and hunger can be removed with self-control, hands and legs can be
controlled with the eyesight, the eyes and ears can be controlled with the
mind, and the mind and words can be controlled with the Karma. Oh! Rajan, the
Bhramin who takes bath on a regular basis, adorned in sacred thread across the
chest, and engages in Swadhyaya, do not eat a meal from the Shudhra, truthful,
serve the preceptor, will never fall down from the Bhramaloka. Oh! Rajan, the
Kshatriya who learned Veda, performed Agnihotra and Yajja, wisely ruled the
Kingdom and served the people, fought for cows and twice-born, gets purified
by his actions, died in the battlefield would attain heavenly abode. Oh! Rajan,
the Vaishya who studied Veda, shared his wealth with Bhramin, King, and his
relatives, had the opportunity to attend three kinds of Yajja, after leaving the mortal coil, achieves the status of the deities in the heavenly abode. Oh! Rajan,
the Shudhra who is served Brahmana, Kshatriya and Vaishya, sincerely and made
them happy, in this way, got purified from all those sins committed would
achieve the heavenly abode after leaving the mortal coil. Oh! Bharatharshabha,
I have described the Dharma of the four Varna, listen to me carefully, the son
of Pandu, Yudhishtra has been moved out of the Kshatriya Dharma, he is the
heir to the throne of Hastinapura,
therefore it is your duty to crown him as the King of Hastinapura and
let him rule the Kingdom wisely.”
Dhritarashtra speaks “Oh! Saumya, I sincerely wanted to follow all your advice, I
am feeling awful for the Pandavas, whenever I see Dhuryodhana before me, I am
feeling helpless, I would forget all those your advice, eventually, my mind
would turn against the Pandavas. Oh! Thatha, it is impossible to rewrite destiny, I think everything will work the way as it was pre-destined, therefore
my desire and hard work to rewrite the destiny would be futile.”
Vidura Uvacha –
Yo Abhyarththitha: Sadhbhir Sajjamana: |
Karothyarththam Shakthi Mahapayithva | Kshipram Yashastham Samupaithi
Santhamalam Prasanna Hi Sukhaya Santha:
||
Mahanthamapyarththamadharma Yuktham |
Ya: Santhyajathyanupakrushta Yeva | Sukham Sa Dhukhanyavamuchya Shethe |
Jeernnam Thvacham Sarpa Ivavamuchya ||
Anritham Cha Samuthkarshe Rajagami Cha Paishunam | Guroshchaleeka
Nirbandha: Samani Bhramahathyaya ||
Asooyaikapadham Mrithyurathivadha: Shriyo
Vadha: | Ashushroosha Thvara Shlakha Vidhyaya: Shathravasthraya: ||
Sukharththina: Kutho Vidhya Nasthi
Vidhyarththina: Sukham | Sukharththi Va
Thyajedhvidhyam Vidhyarththi Va Sukham Thyajeth ||
Nagnisthripyathi Kashtanam Napaganam
Mahodhadhi: | Nanthaka: Sarvabhoothanam Na Pumsam Vamalochana ||
Asha
Dhrithim Hanthi Samridhdhimanthaka: | Krodha: Shriyam Hanthi Yasha:
Kadharyatha | Apalanam Hanthi Pashumshcha
Rajan | Yeka: Krudhdho Bhramano Hanthirashtram ||
Ajashcha Kamsyam Cha Rathashcha Nithyam | Madhvakarsha: Shakuni:
Shrothriyashcha | Vridhdho Jjathiravasanno Vayasya | Yethani The Santhu Grihe
Sadhaiva ||
Ajoksho Chandhanam Veena Adharsho Madhusarpishi |
Vishamaudhumbaram Shankha: Swarnnam Nabhishcha
Rochana | Grihe Sthapayithavyani
Dhanyani Manurabhraveeth | Deva Bhramana
Poorjarththam Athitheenam Cha Bharatha ||
Idham Cha
Thvam Sarvaparam Bhraveemi | Punyam Padham Thatha Mahavishishtam | Na Jathu Kamanna
Bhayanna Lobhadhdharmam Thyajeth
Jeevithasyapi Hetho: ||
Nithyo Dharma: Sukha Dhukhe Thvanithye | Nithyo Jeevo Dhathurasya Thvanithya: | Thyakthva Nithyam
Prathithishtasva Nithye | Santhushya
Thvam Thoshaparo Hi Labha: ||
Mahabalan Pashya Mahanubhavan | Prashasya Bhumim Dhana Dhanyapoornnam | Rajyani
Hithva Vipulamshcha Bhogan | Gathan Narendhranvashamanthakasya ||
Mritham Puthram Dhukha Pushtam Manushya |
Uthkshipya Rajan Swagrihan Nirharanthi |
Tham Mukthakesha: Karunam Rudhanthashchitha Madhye Kashtamiva
Kshipanthi ||
Anyo Dhanam Prethagathasya Bhunkthe | Vayamsi Chagnishcha Shareera Dhathoon | Dhvabhyamayam Saha Gacchathyamuthra | Punyena Papena Cha Veshtyamana: ||
Uthsrijjya Vinivarthanthe Jjathaya: Suhridha: Sutha: | Agnau Prastham
Thu Purusham Karmanvethi Swayam Kritham ||
Asmanlokadhoordhvamamushya Chadho |
Mahaththama Sthishtathi Hyandhdhakaram | Thdhvai Mahamohanam Indhriyanam |
Budhyasva Ma Thvam Pralabathe Rajan ||
Idham Vacha: Shakshyasi Chedhyadhavan |
Nishamya Sarvam Prathipaththumevam | Yasha: Param Prapyasyasi Jeevaloke |
Bhayam Na Chamuthra Na Cheha Theasthi ||
Athma Nadhi Bharatha Punyatheertha |
Sathyodhaka Dhrithikoolo Dhamormi: | Thasyam Snatha: Pooyathe Punyakarma | Punyo Hyathma Nithyamambhodha Yeva ||
Kamakrodha Grahavathim Panchendhriya
Jalam Nadheem | Krithva Dhrithimayim Navam Janma Dhurgani Santhara ||
Prajjavridhdham Dharmavridhdham
Swabandhum Vidhyavridhdham Vayasa Chapi
Vridhdham | Karya Karye Poojayithva
Prasadhya Ya: Sampricchena Sa Muhyeth Kadhachith ||
Dhrithya Shishnodharam Raksheth
Panipadham Cha Chakshusha | Chakshu: Shrothre Cha Manasa Mano Vacham Cha Karmana ||
Nithyodhaki Nithyayajjopaveethi Nithya Swadhyayi Pathithannvarji | Ritham
Bhruvangurave Karma Kurvan Na
Bhramanashchyavathe Bhramalokath ||
Adheethya
Vedan Parisamstheerya Chagninishtva
Yajjai: Palayithva Prajashcha | Go
Bhramanarththe Shasthra Poothantharathma
| Hatha: Samgrame Kshathriya:
Swargamethi ||
Vaishyo Adheethya Bhramanan
Kshathriyamshcha | Dhanai: Kale
Samvibhajyashrithamshcha | Thretha
Pootham Dhoomamaghraya Punyam Prethya
Swarge Deva Sukhani Bhunkthe ||
Bhramakshathram Vaishya Varnnam Cha
Shoodhra: Kramenaithannyayatha:
Poojayana: | Thushteshvetheshva Vyadho Dhagdhapapa Sthyakthva Dheham Swarga
Sukhani Bhunkthe ||
Chathurvarnnya Sayaisha
Dharmasthavaktho Hethum Chathra
Bhruvatho Me Nibodha | Kshathradhdharmadhdhiyathe Panduputhrastham Thvam Rajanrajadharme Niyungkshva ||
Dhritharashtra Uvacha –
Yevamethadhyadha Mam Thvamanushasathi Nithyadha | Mamapi Cha
Mathi: Saumya Bhavathyevam Yadhaththa
Mam | Sa Thu Budhdhi: Krithapyevam Pandavanrapthi Me Sadha | Dhuryodhanam
Samasadhya Punar Viparivarththathe ||
Na
Dhishtamabhyathi Kranthum Shakyam Marthyena Kena Chith | Dhishtameva
Kritham Manye Paurusham Thu Niruththakam
||
|| Ithi Sri Mahabharathe Udhyogaparvani Prajagaraparvani
Viduravakye Chathvarimshoadhyaya: ||
